How to replace the anode rod in a water heater.

Step-by-step guide on anode rod replacement.

Now that you know what the anode rod does, here's how to replace the anode rod in your water heater.

What you need: 

• Replacement anode rod
• Wrench or socket
• Garden hose
• Teflon tape or pipe sealer

Step 1: Shut off the water heater's water and fuel supply.

First, cut off the supply of cold water to the heater. There should be a valve for this on the heater, but you can also use your home's main water supply shut-off valve. If your water heater is electric, turn off the breaker. For gas heaters, turn the gas valve off.

Step 2: Drain the water heater.

It's only necessary to drain enough water to expose the anode rod (about half a gallon). Use a garden hose to drain the tank into a drain or outside. Attach the hose to the drain valve at the tank's bottom, directing it to a safe area. 

Open the drain valve to relieve pressure and drain the tank to at least below the line of the anode rod. Also, a hot water faucet close to the heater should be opened to improve water flow. Note that the water will be hot.

Related: How long does it take to drain a water heater?

Step 3: Locate and remove the old anode rod.

The anode rod is usually closest to the hot water side of your heater. Unscrew the fitting holding the anode rod in place with a wrench. If it doesn't turn easily, slightly tightening it can break up debris and loosen the fitting. 

Take care to avoid damaging the threads or tank. Refer to your water heater manual if you have trouble finding it.

Step 4: Install the new anode rod.

After moving the old anode rod, wrap Teflon tape around the threads of the new anode rod. Insert the new one and tighten the fitting with your wrench or socket. 

Check for leaks before turning the water and fuel back on.

Step 5: Close the drain valve and remove the hose.

Turn on the cold water supply to refill the tank and release trapped air by opening a hot water faucet. Once the flow is steady, close the faucet.

Step 6: Turn on the water and fuel supply to the tank.

Turn the water supply valve on to fill the tank back up. For electric water heaters, turn the circuit breaker back on. For gas heaters, reopen the gas valve and relight the pilot light according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Common mistakes to avoid during anode rod replacement.

• Forgetting to shut off the water and fuel supply before starting the replacement process
• Using the wrong size wrench or not securing the new anode rod tightly enough
• Not turning on the water and fuel supply valves after installing the new anode rod
• Stripping the hardware while tightening or loosening connections

Signs that the anode rod needs to be replaced.

When your anode rod wears out, the inside of your water heater may begin to rust. Signs of a bad anode rod include:

• Rust-colored water coming from faucets
• A "rotten egg" smell
• Foul tasting water
• A leak from a deteriorated area of the tank (in which case you'll likely need to replace the tank)

Tips for extending the life of your water heater.

Regular maintenance is essential for prolonging the lifespan of your water heater. By following a few simple steps, you can ensure that your water heater operates efficiently and avoids costly repairs or replacement:

• Inspection: Inspect your anode rod every 6 to 12 months. 
• Replacement: Replace your anode rod every 3 to 5 years.
• Maintenance: Flush your water heater every 6 to 12 months.

In addition to regular anode rod inspection, maintenance, and replacement, there are other ways to protect your water heater from corrosion. For example, consider installing a corrosion-resistant lining or using a water softener to reduce the mineral content in the water. These measures can significantly extend the lifespan of your water heater.

Hire a pro to repair your water heater.

Even handy homeowners may only know how to change a water heater anode rod with some research. The project is fairly DIY-friendly, but only with the right tools and experience. To ensure the replacement goes smoothly, consider hiring a pro for the job. 

Thumbtack makes it easy to find highly-rated plumbers in your area. Download the Thumbtack app today to get a free quote on anode rod replacement.

FAQs.

What is an anode rod, and why is it important?

In short, the anode rod helps prevent your water heater from rusting on the inside. The rod creates an electrical current that keeps the steel interior of your water heater tank from oxidizing. Over time, the anode rod deteriorates and needs replacing.

How does an anode rod protect the water heater?

One way to prevent steel from corroding is with a small electrical current. This is where the anode rod comes in. The electrical resistance directs corrosive elements in the water to the anode rod so that it corrodes instead of the tank itself.